spinosulus was placed in an uncultured sponge-specific phylogenetic cluster with a close relationship to the genus Rhodovulum. One Alphaproteobacteria band specific to S. spinosulus fingerprints affiliated with one sponge-specific phylogenetic cluster in the phylum Chloroflexi and with sponge-derived sequences in the order Chromatiales ( Gammaproteobacteria), respectively. Two PCR-DGGE bands present exclusively in S. variabilis, and one present in both sponge species, affiliated with an uncultured sponge-specific phylogenetic cluster in the order Acidimicrobiales ( Actinobacteria). variabilis differed markedly from each other – with higher number of ribotypes observed in S. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) profiles of S. variabilis and that prokaryotic abundance in both species was about 4 orders of magnitude higher than in seawater. spinosulus hosted significantly more prokaryotic cells than I. Epifluorescence microscopy revealed that S. We address bacterial abundance and diversity of two temperate marine sponges belonging to the Irciniidae family - Sarcotragus spinosulus and Ircinia variabilis – in the Northeast Atlantic. Nevertheless, our understanding of this microbiota remains limited to a few host species found in restricted geographical localities, and the extent to which the sponge host determines the composition of its own microbiome remains a matter of debate. Recent studies have unravelled the diversity of sponge-associated bacteria that may play essential roles in sponge health and metabolism.
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